Black, Experiments upon Magnesia, Alba, Quicklime and some other Alcaline Substances
The research on the nature of alkalinity, which Black conducted for his thesis, laid the basis for the most important paper of his career, “Experiments ...
Continue Reading →Bichat, General Anatomy Applied to Physiology and Medicine
The French anatomist, pathologist, and physiologist Marie Francois Xavier Bichat (1771-1802) was the founder of general anatomy and animal histology. Bichat’s experimental work had great ...
Continue Reading →Beethoven, Fidelio
Fidelio is Ludwig van Beethoven’s only opera. The libretto, with some spoken dialogue, tells how Leonore, disguised as a prison guard named “Fidelio”, rescues ...
Continue Reading →Alembert, Preliminary Discourse to the Encyclopedie
Preliminary Discourse to the Encyclopedia of Diderot expresses the hopes, dogmas, assumptions, and prejudices that have come to characterize the French Enlightenment. In this preface ...
Continue Reading →Tracy, Treatise on Political Economy
A Treatise on Political Economy by Antoine Louis Claude Destutt de Tracy is a foundational text of nineteenth-century, free-market economic thought and remains one of ...
Continue Reading →Von Humboldt, Cosmos
Cosmos: A Sketch of a Physical Description of the Universe is an influential treatise on science and nature written by the German scientist and explorer ...
Continue Reading →Von Humboldt, Essay on the Geography of Plants
The legacy of Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859) looms large over the natural sciences. His 1799–1804 research expedition to Central and South America with botanist Aimé ...
Continue Reading →Von Humboldt, Letters of Alexander von Humboldt
Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt (14 September 1769 – 6 May 1859) was a German polymath, geographer, naturalist, explorer, and proponent of Romantic philosophy ...
Continue Reading →Winckelmann, History of Art
Thus Winckelmann’s project, which offered an ambitious survey of cultural history, found an eager audience in international circles comprised of Enlightenment intellectuals and cosmopolitan elites ...
Continue Reading →Winckelmann, Writings on Art
Johann Joachim Winckelmann 1717-68, a German scholar and art historian, was one of the most influential figures in the Neoclassical movement. In the second half ...
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